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1. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war. (2001. 閱讀. 1. Text 4)

【譯文】里維斯和克拉克在美國荒野中跋涉是為了找出美國購買路易斯安納州后能得到的物產，而阿波羅號宇航員乘坐火箭飛往月球則以戲劇性的方式展示了美國冷戰(zhàn)期間的科技實力。

【析句】句子主干是Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out..., and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of...?？梢钥闯?，主句是由and連接的兩個并列句組成。前句主句中，to find out...是不定式作目的狀語，what the U.S. had acquired作find out的賓語從句，而賓語從句中又包含when引導的時間狀語從句。后句是個簡單句，in a dramatic show of...用了介詞短語作方式狀語。

2. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars. (2001. 閱讀. 1. Text 4)

【譯文】關于火星上是否曾存在生命的問題，是否生命尚存活的問題，都得到了強調——一方面因為已經有大量的證據證明火星曾經擁有穩(wěn)定的液態(tài)水，另一方面因為人們就關于隕石把細菌從火星帶到地球上各種說法繼續(xù)持有爭議。

【析句】復合句。主句The issue of whether...,and whether...,has been highlighted by...and by...。主句主語the issue of后有兩個并列的whether引導的賓語從句。by mounting evidence和by the continuing controversy over suggestions在主句中由and連接，為并列的方式狀語。而且狀語后各有一個that引導的同位語從句分別修飾mounting evidence和suggestions。

3. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. (2001. 閱讀. 1. Text 4)

【譯文】對火星上過去或現在是否存在生命這一問題得出更具總結性的回答，給研究家們提供了寶貴資料，以研究一顆星球在何種條件范圍內能夠產生復雜的孕育生命的化學物質。

【析句】復合句。主句A more conclusive answer about...would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions, under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry作定語從句修飾conditions,而定語從句中又包含定語從句that leads to life修飾the complex chemisty.