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時(shí)間就是金錢。就像金錢一樣，時(shí)間也必須妥當(dāng)管理。最重要的是，你能減輕壓力并感到特別開(kāi)心。為了幫你更有效地管理時(shí)間，下面給出了你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)的十條行之有效的時(shí)間管理技巧！

How well do you manage your time? If you are like many of us, your answer may be “Not too well.” You may often feel like there is not enough time in a day. Perhaps you even find you constantly have to work late hours to hit your deadlines. Maybe you even feel too busy that you miss meals and sleep. These are all classic signs that you may not be managing your time effectively.

你管理時(shí)間的能力如何？如果你和很多人一樣，那你的答案很可能是“不是太好?！?你可能經(jīng)常感覺(jué)時(shí)間不夠用，也許還會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總是經(jīng)常加班到很晚才能在最后期限前完成任務(wù)?；蛟S你忙得都廢寢忘食了。這些都是比較典型的現(xiàn)象，說(shuō)明你可能無(wú)法有效地管理自己的時(shí)間。

Benjamin Franklin once said that time is money. Just like money, time must be managed properly. If you manage time properly you find the right balance between your work, leisure and rest time. You effectively accomplish the things that matter most in your life. On top of that, you reduce your stress level and feel a lot happier. To help you manage time more effectively, here are ten proven time management skills you should learn today.

本杰明·富蘭克林曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，時(shí)間就是金錢。就像金錢一樣，時(shí)間也必須妥善管理。如果你能妥善管理好時(shí)間，你會(huì)在工作、休閑和休息之間找到適當(dāng)?shù)钠胶?。你能有效完成生活中最重要的事情。最重要的是，你能減輕壓力并感到特別開(kāi)心。為了幫你更有效地管理時(shí)間，下面給出了你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)的十條行之有效的時(shí)間管理技巧。

1. Set Goals

設(shè)定目標(biāo)

Goals give you a vision, focus and destination to work towards. They help you have a clear mind on where you want to go and how best to manage your time and resources to get there. By setting goals, you are able to identify what’s worth spending your time on and what’s a distraction to avoid.

目標(biāo)能給你遠(yuǎn)景，讓你找到焦點(diǎn)朝目的地前進(jìn)。它們能讓你清楚你想去哪里、如何最好地管理時(shí)間和資源來(lái)到達(dá)那兒。通過(guò)設(shè)定目標(biāo)，你能找出什么事情值得你花時(shí)間去做，什么事情會(huì)讓你分心而應(yīng)該避免。

Start by asking yourself where you want to be in six months time. You can go further and look at where you want to be in the next year or even decade from now. Set personal and professional goals that are realistic and achievable. This is a crucialstep toward ensure you manage your time better.

首先問(wèn)問(wèn)自己，你要在半年內(nèi)的時(shí)間里到達(dá)何種程度。你還可以進(jìn)一步想想，從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始，在未來(lái)的一年后或十年后你想到達(dá)何種程度。設(shè)立符合現(xiàn)實(shí)的、能達(dá)到的個(gè)人和職業(yè)目標(biāo)。這是讓你更好地管理時(shí)間的關(guān)鍵步驟。

2. Prioritize

設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)。

Prioritizing cannot be overemphasized when it comes to effective time management. It can be difficult to know what tasks to tackle first, especially when a flood of tasks all seem urgent. It is, however, relatively easy to prioritizeactivities if you have clear goals already set. Ask yourself three basic questions to know what tasks should take first priority:

說(shuō)到有效的時(shí)間管理，我們就要重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)。哪些任務(wù)該先處理，這似乎很難區(qū)分，尤其是當(dāng)大量的任務(wù)看上去都是緊急時(shí)。然而，如果你已經(jīng)設(shè)定了清晰的目標(biāo)，設(shè)定優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)就很簡(jiǎn)單了。問(wèn)問(wèn)自己三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，來(lái)弄清楚哪些任務(wù)應(yīng)該先做。

Why am I doing this task or activity?

我為什么要做這項(xiàng)任務(wù)或活動(dòng)？

How does this task help me achieve my goals?

這項(xiàng)任務(wù)如何幫我實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)？

To what extent does this task I’m doing help me achieve my goals?

我做這項(xiàng)任務(wù)到什么程度能幫助我實(shí)現(xiàn)我的目標(biāo)？

Do the most important things first.

先做最重要的事情。

3. Keep a Task List

使用任務(wù)清單

A task list (or “to-do list”) is a reminder system that tells you when you need to do what. Keeping a to-do list helps you remain organized and on top of things. It helps break things down into small, manageable tasks or steps so that you never forget to do the important stuff. Don’t try to remember everything you need to do in your head. In most cases, trying to remember everything won’t work. Instead, keep a to-do list. A simple daily, weekly or monthly planner on a note pad or diary can do.

任務(wù)清單可以提醒你在什么時(shí)間做什么事情。使用任務(wù)清單可以讓你做事有條理，讓你能夠?qū)κ虑榧右钥刂啤Ｋ馨咽虑榉纸獬尚〉?、可以管理的任?wù)或步驟，這樣你就不會(huì)忘記做重要的事情。不要嘗試把要做的每件事情都記在腦子里。在大多數(shù)情況下，想記住每件事情根本就行不通。你可以用任務(wù)清單來(lái)代替?？梢栽诠P記本或日記本上做個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的每日、每周或每月的計(jì)劃。

Write down the things you need to do, including meetings, appointments and deadlines. Prioritize items on your list by listing items in order of importance from high priority to low priorities items or highlighting urgent or important tasks on your list with an asterisk. Cross out completed tasks as often as you add new tasks on your task list to ensure you keep moving forward.

寫下你所需要做的事情，包括開(kāi)會(huì)、約會(huì)和最后期限。把列表上的待辦事項(xiàng)按照優(yōu)先級(jí)從高到低的順序排序或把緊急、重要的事項(xiàng)用星號(hào)進(jìn)行標(biāo)注。把完成的任務(wù)從列表中花去，盡可能頻繁地在清單上加上新的任務(wù)來(lái)讓自己繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。

4. Schedule Tasks

為任務(wù)安排時(shí)間

“A schedule defends from chaos and whim,” says author Annie Dillard. If you are a morning person and find you are at your most creative and productive early in the morning, schedule high-value tasks in the morning at your peak creative/productive time. If your creativity and energy picks up when the sun is setting, schedule high priority tasks then. Your “down” time can be scheduled for less important tasks like checking e-mail or returning phone calls.“計(jì)劃可以讓你遠(yuǎn)離混亂和沖動(dòng)，”作家安妮·迪拉德說(shuō)。如果你是早起型的人，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在早晨最有創(chuàng)造性、效率最高，可以把高價(jià)值的任務(wù)安排在早晨的尖峰創(chuàng)作/高效時(shí)間。如果當(dāng)太陽(yáng)下山時(shí)你的創(chuàng)造力和能量達(dá)到頂端，可以把高優(yōu)先級(jí)的任務(wù)安排在那段時(shí)間。效率較低的時(shí)間可以安排像檢查郵件或回電話這樣不那么重要的任務(wù)。

Understand your rhythm of peak and dead times and schedule tasks appropriately to make the most of peak times. Remember you don’t find time for important things; you make time for important things best by scheduling.

了解自己何時(shí)效率高、何時(shí)效率低，然后合適地安排任務(wù)來(lái)更好地利用自己效率最高的時(shí)間段。記住，你不是找時(shí)間來(lái)做重要的事情；你是通過(guò)計(jì)劃來(lái)為重要的事情安排時(shí)間。

5. Focus on One Task at a Time

一次只專心做一件事情。

You get more done in the least time possible when you toggle between talking on your cell phone, browsing the internet and jotting down notes, right? Wrong! According to a study published by the American Psychological Association, you actually spend between 20 and 40 percent more time when you multitask. Besides costing you time and efficiency, multitasking can also reduce the quality of your work.

當(dāng)你一邊打電話、一邊瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(yè)、一邊記筆記，你在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成了更多的事情。對(duì)嗎？錯(cuò)！根據(jù)美國(guó)心理協(xié)會(huì)的發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究， 當(dāng)你進(jìn)行多任務(wù)處理時(shí)，你所花的時(shí)間多了20%到40%。除了浪費(fèi)時(shí)間、降低效率外，多任務(wù)處理也降低了工作的質(zhì)量。

Forget multitasking. You don’t get on top of your workload by multitasking. Focus more on completing one task at a time. Completing tasks in sequence one at a time leads to better use of time, says the study researchers. Switching from one task to another does not usually lend itself to good use of time.

忘記多任務(wù)處理吧。使用多任務(wù)處理，你無(wú)法掌握住自己的工作。一次只專注于完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。研究人員表示，一次完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，按照順序完成，會(huì)讓你更好地利用時(shí)間。從一項(xiàng)任務(wù)切換到另一項(xiàng)不會(huì)讓你更好地利用時(shí)間。

6. Minimize Distractions

盡量減少干擾

Whether it’s client e-mail alerts, phone calls from friends or IM chats with prospects while working, distractions are a hindrance to effective use of time. Distractions break your concentration, lower your productivity and often prevent you from completing important tasks on time. They can also cause stress.

在工作時(shí)無(wú)論是客戶端的電子郵件提醒、或是朋友的電話、還是IM的聊天窗口， 這些干擾都阻止你有效地利用時(shí)間。分心會(huì)打斷你的注意力，降低你的效率，經(jīng)常讓你無(wú)法按時(shí)完成重要的任務(wù)。這些也會(huì)導(dǎo)致壓力。

Identify what is distracting you from doing core tasks and put a stop to it. Kill that television and turn off your Internet connection and IM chat. Put up a “Do not disturb” or similar sign at the entrance of your dedicated work space to prevent interruptions. Just do whatever it takes to minimize distractions. This ensures you take control of your days and maximizes your productivity.

找出什么事情阻止你做核心的任務(wù)，然后把它停下來(lái)。把電視關(guān)上、斷開(kāi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和IM聊天工具。在工作空間的入口處放置“不要干擾”或類似的標(biāo)志來(lái)阻止別人的打擾。這能讓你對(duì)時(shí)間加以控制，讓你的工作效率最高。

7. Overcome Procrastination

克服拖延癥

Edward Young, the English poet best remembered for Night Thoughts, once said procrastination is the thief of time. Don’t put off tasks that you should be focusing on right now and let procrastination steal your time. Remind yourself that the best time to do somethings is usually NOW. Push yourself a little harder to beat procrastination and get what needs to be done DONE.

以《夜之思》而聞名的英國(guó)詩(shī)人愛(ài)德華·楊曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)拖延癥是時(shí)間的小偷。不要把你現(xiàn)在該做的事情往后推遲，讓拖延癥偷走了你的時(shí)間。提醒自己做事情最好的時(shí)間通常是現(xiàn)在。強(qiáng)迫自己，打敗拖延癥，把該完成的事情都完成。

An effective strategy to beat procrastination is to tell yourself you are only going to embark on a project for a few minutes, say ten minutes. Once you start the project, your creative juices will start flowing. You will then find you want to continue with the task and quite possibly take it to the end. The trick to beat procrastination can be as simple as devoting a small amount of time to start. Just that！

打敗拖延癥的一種有效的策略是告訴自己，你只打算工作幾分鐘，比如十分鐘。一旦你開(kāi)始工作，你的創(chuàng)意就開(kāi)始流動(dòng)。接下來(lái)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你想要繼續(xù)做這項(xiàng)任務(wù)，很有可能一直做完。打敗拖延癥的技巧可以簡(jiǎn)單到拿出一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間來(lái)開(kāi)始做。

8. Take Breaks

休息一下

Unless you are Superman, you can’t sustain working long hours on end without burning out and sacrificing on quality. However tempting it may be to work to a deadline for 8-10 hours straight, take breaks in between work. This way you give your brain valuable time to rest and recharge. Taking breaks from work is not time wasting. It is smart time management. You produce top quality work when you are well rested.

除非你是超人，否則你不可能一直長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作而沒(méi)有精疲力盡或犧牲質(zhì)量。無(wú)論在最后期限前連續(xù)工作8-10小時(shí)有多么誘人，也要在中間休息一下。這樣你能給大腦寶貴的時(shí)間來(lái)休息和恢復(fù)精力。工作時(shí)休息并不是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。這是一種聰明的時(shí)間管理方式。當(dāng)你休息好的時(shí)候，你工作的質(zhì)量也會(huì)較高。

Squeeze short breaks in between work for down-time. Ideally, take a five minute break every hour or two to rest and think creatively. You may set an alarm to remind you when your break is due. Stop working and just sit and meditate at your desk or go out for a cup of coffee or short walk. Don’t forget to give yourself ample time for lunch too. You can’t work optimallyon an empty stomach.

在工作時(shí)，擠出短的時(shí)間來(lái)休息。理想情況下， 每一兩個(gè)小時(shí)拿出五分鐘來(lái)休息并進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的思考。你可以設(shè)定鬧鐘來(lái)提醒自己休息一下。停止工作，僅在桌子前坐著進(jìn)行冥想或出去喝杯咖啡或來(lái)一次短距離的散步。別忘了給自己充足的時(shí)間來(lái)吃午餐。餓著肚子工作時(shí)效果不可能很好。

9. Say “No”

說(shuō)“不”

One skill that many high achievers like President Obama, Bill Gates and Richard Branson have mastered is the gentle art of saying “no” to things that are not a priority. Saying “no” to things that are not a priority allows you to focus on those things that are really important. You only have exactly 24 hours in a day to do the things that matter. If you don’t learn to say “no” to things that are not important, other peoples’ priorities will precede your own and you will be swamped with far too many projects and commitments.

像美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬、比爾·蓋茨和理查德·布蘭森這些富有成就的人，所掌握的一項(xiàng)技巧就是對(duì)優(yōu)先級(jí)不高的事情說(shuō)“不”的技巧。 對(duì)優(yōu)先級(jí)不高的事情說(shuō)“不”能讓你關(guān)注真正重要的事情。你一天只有24小時(shí)來(lái)做重要的事情。如果你不會(huì)對(duì)不重要的事情說(shuō)“不”， 其他人的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)會(huì)排在自己的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)之前， 你會(huì)淹沒(méi)在太多的任務(wù)和承諾中。

Say “no” amicably to everything that doesn’t support your values or help you achieve your goals. You have the right to say “no” no matter who you are talking to. When you get better at saying “no,” you put you time to good use and defend yourself from rushed work, poor performance and work overload.

友好地對(duì)那些不符合自己價(jià)值觀或無(wú)法幫你實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的事情說(shuō)“不”。無(wú)論你和誰(shuí)談話，你都有說(shuō)“不”的權(quán)利。當(dāng)你擅長(zhǎng)說(shuō)“不”時(shí)，你會(huì)很好地利用時(shí)間，遠(yuǎn)離倉(cāng)促的工作、表現(xiàn)不佳的工作和超負(fù)荷的工作。

10. Delegate Tasks

委托任務(wù)

The old adage by 17th century author John Donne that no one is an island still holds true today. You can’t manage everything on your own. Sometimes it is prudent to let other people help you with tasks, especially when you are swamped. You save time, reduce stress and accomplish a lot more when you assign tasks to the right people.

17世紀(jì)作家約翰·多恩的一句古老的格言“沒(méi)有人是座孤島”在今天仍然適用。你不可能一切都靠自己。有時(shí)讓別人幫你完成任務(wù)是聰明的舉措，尤其是當(dāng)你有很多任務(wù)時(shí)。當(dāng)你把任務(wù)安排給合適的人時(shí)， 你節(jié)省了時(shí)間、減輕了壓力，并能完成很多任務(wù)。

Relinquishyour grip on the wheel and grant authority with responsibility to qualified people. Delegating is not dumping. Give tasks with consequences. This way you promote accountabilityand ensure goals and deadlines are met.

適時(shí)放手，把責(zé)任授權(quán)給合適的人。委托不是傾銷，委托任務(wù)時(shí)要說(shuō)明后果。這樣能促進(jìn)問(wèn)責(zé)制，確保能達(dá)到目標(biāo)和最后期限。