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申請(qǐng)美國(guó)私立高中，SSAT考試是繞不過去的一環(huán)，因此有“美國(guó)中考”之稱。SSAT考試最難的部分就是閱讀。美國(guó)大學(xué)理事會(huì)College Board總裁曾透露，SSAT閱讀對(duì)學(xué)生在社會(huì)研究、歷史文獻(xiàn)上的要求很高，且詞匯量大，體裁多樣，內(nèi)容也廣泛；另一方面，SSAT盡管重要，卻很少有真題釋放出來，常讓備考學(xué)生有無從下手之感。10月即將迎來新一輪SSAT考試，外灘君特意請(qǐng)學(xué)美常春藤培訓(xùn)學(xué)校主任陳姵廷老師，為大家展示并分析今年4月考過的3篇SSAT閱讀真題，供大家參考。文末還附有美國(guó)部分頂尖高中SSAT平均錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線，敬請(qǐng)留意。

SSAT（Secondary School Admission Test）考試是美國(guó)、加拿大私立中學(xué)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化入學(xué)考試，由于針對(duì)的是當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)生，所以可以理解為中考的概念，但是不同于針對(duì)國(guó)際學(xué)生的托福考試，SSAT更小眾，且很少釋放真題，所以在備考和應(yīng)試方面都比托福考難度高了很多。

2012年10月新改革的SSAT分為3個(gè)等級(jí)，新增了elementary level，主要用于美國(guó)小學(xué)4-5年級(jí)學(xué)生；原來的lower level變成了middle level用于5-7年級(jí)的學(xué)生，而原來的upper level依然是用于8-11年級(jí)的學(xué)生，也就是我們國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)生最?？嫉牡燃?jí)，新的SSAT改革重點(diǎn)在難度的大幅提升，不僅在詞匯的難度增加范圍變廣，閱讀文章變長(zhǎng)，詩歌比重增加，還有題目深度變大，一般來說，閱讀很難靠技巧提分，學(xué)生除非實(shí)力很強(qiáng)，否則只能依靠考題預(yù)測(cè)才能在短時(shí)間提分。

而詞匯的部分由于涉及大量生活用語，而市面的單詞書大多是學(xué)術(shù)性的單詞，因此即使背的滾瓜爛熟，也難拿到高分。

下面我們特別為學(xué)生搜集了一些閱讀真題，通過真題講評(píng)來看，SSAT的閱讀到底考了些什么。以下真題來自2014年4月的考題。

第一篇

☞ 閱讀材料：

Lying in bed would be an altogether perfect and supreme experience if only one had a coloured pencil long enough to draw on the ceiling. This, however, is not generally a part of the domestic apparatuson the premises. I think myself that the thing might be managed with several pails of Aspinall and a broom. Only if one worked in a really sweeping and masterly way, and laid on the colour in great washes, it might drip down again on one's face in floods of rich and mingled colour like some strange fairy rain;and that would have its disadvantages… My proposal to paint on it with the bristly end of a broom has been discouraged—never mind by whom; by a person debarred from all political rights—and even my minor proposal to put the other end of the broom into the kitchen fire and turn it to charcoal has not been conceded. Yet I am certain that it was from persons in my position that all the original inspiration came for covering the ceilings of palaces and cathedral swith a riot of fallen angels or victorious gods. I am sure that it was only because Michael Angelo was engaged in the ancient and honourable occupation of lying in bed that he ever realized how the roof of the Sistine Chapel might be made into an awful imitation of a divine drama that could only be acted in the heavens.

☞ 試題：

1.In line 3, "apparatus" means

(A) utensils

(B) equipment

(C) necessities

(D) furnishings

(E) accoutrement

2. It can be inferred that in line 8, "never mind by whom" refers to the author's

(A) wife

(B) agent

(C) editor

(D) landlord

(E) roommate

3. The author's tone in the passage might best be described as

(A) realistic

(B) idealistic

(C) scientific

(D) whimsical

(E) educational

4. "Conceded" (line 10) most likely means

(A) lauded

(B) granted

(C) rejected

(D) ridiculed

(E) condemned

5. His primary purpose of this passage is to

(A) enable

(B) amuse

(C) inspire

(D) instruct

(E) distract

☞ 分析：

這篇文章是1874年出生的英國(guó)作家Gilbert K. Chesterton所寫的，帶有一種典型的浪漫主義的色彩，但作者又不失理性的思維，通篇文章充滿了作者幻想和現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的沖突。

文章開篇，作者就奇思妙想地提出當(dāng)人懶洋洋地躺在床上時(shí)拿出一支柄夠長(zhǎng)，能在天花板涂鴉的畫筆那該是一件多么美妙的事情?。。╥f only one had a colored pencil long enough to draw on the ceiling.）

但轉(zhuǎn)瞬就想到，那么長(zhǎng)的畫筆絕對(duì)不是家里的必備工具（This however, is not generally a part of the domestic apparatus…）；但作者還未善罷甘休，他立刻想到了長(zhǎng)柄畫筆的替代品：只要有些顏料和家里的掃帚不就行了？(that thing might be managed with several pails of Aspinall and abroom)。

相當(dāng)有意思的作者，但如果你以為作者真會(huì)這樣做那就大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)了，該計(jì)劃未能實(shí)施主要有兩個(gè)原因：其一，如果畫工不好，那顏料可就要從天花板上滴下來咯（it might drip down again on one’s face）；其二，作者的老婆，似乎沒有答應(yīng)她老公這突發(fā)奇想（My proposal to paint on it …..has been discouraged by a personde barred from all political rights.）。 好吧，看來作者是真的沒戲了。

雖然作者沒能完成在天花板上作畫的愿望，但作者顯然對(duì)自己的想法還是充滿贊許，作者在文中說到：（Yet I am certain that it was from persons in my position ….for covering the ceilings of palaces and cathedrals with a riot of fallen angels or victorious gods），就是從側(cè)面表揚(yáng)自己這種充滿藝術(shù)幻想的人才是能夠提出在宮殿和教堂天花板留下曠世奇作的人，即使像米開朗基羅這類文藝復(fù)興的大家也和作者一樣在不經(jīng)意之間獲得了改變?nèi)祟愃囆g(shù)行為的想法。

☞ 答題：

第一題：答案為B。

這題為詞匯題，apparatus有設(shè)備的意思；

第二題：答案為A。

文中作者寫道：My proposal to paint on it with the bristly end of a broom has been discouraged…作者提出用掃把在天花板作畫，被那人拒絕，那拒絕他的人一定是和他生活在一個(gè)屋檐下的人。

第三題：答案為D。

通篇文章作者都提出了許多不切實(shí)際，未被論證的想法，著實(shí)證明了作者是一個(gè)充滿幻想的男人。

Whimsical這個(gè)單詞有2個(gè)重要的解釋，其一是Capricious（情緒多變的），和作者無太大關(guān)系；其二是Fanciful(充滿幻想的)，這個(gè)單詞很好地詮釋了作者寫這篇文章時(shí)天馬行空的思維邏輯。

第四題：答案為B。

Con-是“同時(shí)”的前綴，“cede”為拉丁語Go，concede是同意，認(rèn)可的意思。

第五題：答案為C。

作者是已婚男人，寫這篇文章時(shí)也是多帶有調(diào)侃的以為，主要還是為娛樂，博人一笑。

第二篇

☞ 閱讀材料：

A type of human life this forest old;

All leafy, wither'd, blooming, teeming, blasted;

Bloom that the reign of summer hath outlasted,

And early sere, and blight that flaunts in gold;

And grass, like sorrow, springing from the mould,

Choking the wholesome tree; and verdure wasted,

Like peace; and berries, like our bliss, untasted;

And thorns, like adverse chances, uncontroll'd.

These flowers are joy that ne'er shall form a wreath;

These lilies are unsure affection crown'd

☞ 試題：

1.In this poem, our lives are compared to

(A) untasted bliss

(B) this forest old

(C) unsure affection

(D) the wholesome tree

(E) the reign of summer

2.In line 7, "berries, like our bliss, untasted suggests that

(A) the berries are dying

(B) the fruit will go uneaten

(C) berries do not change color

(D) the forest will no longer produce fruit

(E) winter has damaged the berries beyond repair

3. The phrase "grass, like sorrow...Choking the wholesome tree" (lines 5-6) suggests that

(A) lifeis like a thorn

(B) grass corrupts trees

(C) grassis bad for trees' growth

(D) life is made more difficult by sadness

(E) life is not as wholesome as a tree surrounded by grass

4. With which of the following statements about death would the author be most likely to agree?

(A) Deathis an inevitable part of life.

(B) People should try not to think about death.

(C) Death often comes suddenly and unannounced.

(D) Death usually comes when life is quiet and still.

(E) Having no appreciation of nature is like being dead.

☞ 分析：

這篇詩歌的作者是英國(guó)作家Charles Whitehead (1804-1862)，作者后來移民到澳大利亞并在那里去世，這是一篇典型的比喻詩歌，作者把人生的種種和森林中的樹木花果進(jìn)行了比較，道出了人生真諦，對(duì)還在初中的孩子來說，這篇詩歌的很多現(xiàn)實(shí)意義可能還比較陌生，但不失是一種給孩子的啟迪，讓他們更加珍惜學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)光和父母在一起的快樂體驗(yàn)。

要理解這篇文章的關(guān)鍵在于抓住比喻的載體和對(duì)象：

Human life-------this forest old

有些學(xué)生會(huì)問為什么不是old forest？從而對(duì)整篇詩歌無法理解。我想解釋這邊寫forest old是為了和后面幾句“d”結(jié)尾的字做押韻，而且在很多地中海語言形容詞是可以放在名詞之后的，如法語。

Grass----àsorrow that choke the wholesome tree

Verdure（翠綠）-----àpeace

Berries---àuntasted bliss(祝福)

Thorn ---àuncontrolle dadverse chances

Flowers---àjoy

Lilies--àplants that are with unsure affections

這篇詩歌的作者對(duì)生活還是比較悲觀的，作者認(rèn)為雜草會(huì)弄死一顆健康的樹，導(dǎo)致翠綠色的樹葉全部掉落；樹上結(jié)的果子還未來得及品嘗就已凋零；芒刺就像禍一般不知何時(shí)降臨在人的身上，而開心的花朵永遠(yuǎn)不能形成完整的花環(huán)（wreath），正如我們中國(guó)人的古話說道的：福無雙至，禍不單行。而這些目前盛開的水仙花，頭上都帶著不明確的不安全感。

如果要找一位中國(guó)詩人來表達(dá)類似的情感，那李白的“人生得意須盡歡，莫使金樽空對(duì)月”會(huì)是不錯(cuò)的選擇。兩者都表達(dá)了生活中種種的不確定性，也許抓住當(dāng)下是最好的選擇。

☞ 答題：

第一題：答案為B。

作者把人生比作森林。

第二題：答案為B。

很多Bliss（祝福）人們還未來得及品嘗就消失了。

第三題：答案為D。

Grass（雜草）或者一些不幸的事情會(huì)讓平穩(wěn)的生活（wholesome tree）變得舉步維艱。

第四題：答案為C。

詩歌中文中把死亡比做了Thorn（芒刺），它們出現(xiàn)時(shí)是Uncontrolled（無法控制），表達(dá)了作者對(duì)死亡的觀點(diǎn)：死亡不是人類所能控制的。

第三篇

☞ 閱讀材料：

Social scientists agree that everyone in ageneration is not identical. Nevertheless, many demographers assert that generalizations about the distinct characters of birth groups are helpful forsocial analysis. They aid in designing policy and education targeted toward the unique characteristics of specific cohorts. A case in point are those born between 1981 and 2000, dubbed "The Millennial Generation" because they are the first adults of the 21st century. According to the Pew Research Center, a think tank, the current group of 13- to 29-year-olds is more ethnically and racially diverse than any other similarly-aged cohort in our history. Many believe this explains their tendency to see the mselves as global citizens. Millennials have been described as "digital natives" because of their total comfort with technology. This is in stark contrast with previous generations, such as the Silent Generation, born before 1946; the Baby Boomers, born during the spike in births between 1946-1964 that followed World War II; or even Generation X, born between 1965-1980. Millennials inhabit a world where personal devices have always existed and are all around us, as ubiquitous as the air we breathe.Because two-thirds of Millennials voted for Barack Obama for president in 2008,some suggest that Millennials are more politically progressive than previous generations.While some authors call Millennials narcissistic, others believe rather that this generation is notably unselfish and eager to be of service to others. Many sociologists believe that understanding Millennials will make those who work with them more productive citizens.

☞ 試題：

"Cohort"(line 8) as used in the passage most likely refers to any group

(A) of 13 year-olds

(B) made up of U.S. citizens

(C) of civic-minded global citizens

(D) that shares certain characteristics

(E) of extremely diverse individuals;

2. It can be logically inferred from the passage that the parents of the Baby Boomers

(A) were born after 1946

(B) belonged to Generation X

(C) were called "Hie Boomers"

(D) belonged to The Silent Generation

(E) were more progressive than the Millennials

3. It can be logically inferred from thepassage that the Baby Boomers

(A) fought in World War II

(B) were born before 1946

(C) were younger than The Boomers

(D) were more diverse than the Millennial

(E) were less progressive than the Millennials

4. Which of the following is true based on the passage?

(A) The Pew Research Center studies voting habits.

(B) Generalizations about generations may aid educators.

(C) Members of Generation X have never seen a cell phone.

(D) Generations usually receive nick names that reflect their natures.

(E) Social scientists universally agree that it is useful to categorize generations.

☞ 分析：

這是一篇典型的說明文，文中作者根據(jù)人們不同的出生年代，生活背景，接觸的東西把近一世紀(jì)的人們劃分成了：

The Millennial Generation(1981-2000)

The Silent Generation (before 1946)

The Baby Boomers(1946-1964)

Generation X(1965-1980)

每個(gè)年代的人都有共有的特征，比如Millennial的人在政治方面比較比較進(jìn)步，在2008年美國(guó)總統(tǒng)選舉中有2/3的Millennial把選票投給了黑人總統(tǒng)奧巴馬，而他們因?yàn)槌錾谝粋€(gè)電子產(chǎn)品爆棚的年代，對(duì)電子產(chǎn)品的適應(yīng)能力和喜愛程度也高于之前的幾代人。更好的理解每個(gè)年代人大致的性格和特點(diǎn)能夠更好的為社會(huì)分析，教育課程編排提供必要的綱領(lǐng)性的指向，讓我們社會(huì)的發(fā)展變得更加有序和合理。

☞ 答題：

第一題：答案為D。

Cohort單詞是拉丁語，愿意是指軍隊(duì)，現(xiàn)代的意思為一群有相同特征的人。

第二題：答案為D。

Baby Boomers為二戰(zhàn)大量人員傷亡后出生的孩子們，在中國(guó)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，毛主席提出了光榮媽媽的概念，所以中國(guó)40/50這批人大多是那時(shí)出生的。

Baby Boomers出生于（1946-1964），那他們的父母倒推20+年，應(yīng)該是1946年前出生，所以屬于Silent Generation。

第三題：答案為E。

這是一題反推題，因?yàn)镸illennial是所有Cohort當(dāng)中最progressive的，那當(dāng)然Baby Boomers和Millennial比起來還沒那么的Progressive。

第四題：答案為B。

劃分年代群體的最根本意義就是更好編訂適合這個(gè)年齡段的社會(huì)法則，教育課程等等。

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美國(guó)部分頂尖私立高中SSAT平均錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線

SSAT分成詞匯，閱讀和寫作三個(gè)部分，詞匯部分為同義詞30題，類比題30題，總共30分鐘，代表每30秒必須回答一個(gè)問題，閱讀有8篇文章，大多是文學(xué)作品節(jié)選，詩歌，作者生平，或者一些著名的文章，共有40題，平均每一篇文章看完加上做題只能花5分鐘；數(shù)學(xué)是國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)生的長(zhǎng)項(xiàng)，只要題目看得懂，一般能得高分；寫作雖然是不計(jì)分，但是作文和和成績(jī)單一同寄給學(xué)校，所以是學(xué)?？己藢W(xué)生水平實(shí)力的依據(jù)，不得不重視。

SSAT每個(gè)單元最低500分，最高800分，因此總分最低1500，最高2400分，為了平衡各次考試題目難易不同，所以SSAT評(píng)分另外提供百分比的依據(jù)，最低1%，最高99%，該比例是跟同年級(jí)同性別過去三年的考生相比，例如：95%代表100人中你贏過95%的人，美國(guó)高中一般以百分比為審核依據(jù)。

美國(guó)高中一般不會(huì)特別注明最低SSAT分?jǐn)?shù)線，但是有平均的錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線，下表是主要幾個(gè)按照SSAT錄取分?jǐn)?shù)排名前10名的高中的信息，但是中國(guó)大陸的學(xué)生一般要比這個(gè)平均分還要高才會(huì)錄取。

菲利普斯學(xué)院 94%

?？巳貙W(xué)院 94%

喬治城預(yù)科學(xué)校 90%

格羅頓學(xué)院 90%

米爾頓中學(xué) 90%

圣保羅學(xué)校 89%

迪爾菲爾德學(xué)院 87%

霍奇基斯中學(xué) 87%

撒切爾中學(xué) 87%

喬特羅斯瑪麗中學(xué) 85%